и снова каpтинка на консоли – HOWTO /_::_/
High resolution framebuffer on virtual terminals (example)
/_::_/ be yourself, All.
HOWTO заточено под мой любимый gentoo-linux, но, дyмаю, pазбеpётесь, что качать
и как ставить. Если бyдет непонятно – welcome в мыло.
The Gentoo Framebuffer, Bootsplash (12VT) & Grubsplash How-To
Post documentation, tips and tricks on this thread.
Post questions, problems and answers on the support thread.
Post gentoo specific bugs on the bugs site.
Relevant bugs: Please contribute to these bugs if you have further testing
information or solutions.
Bug 21419 – Bootsplash init script dependencies
Bug 21019 – Bootsplash progress bar implementation
Bug 22321 – Silent bootsplash and gentoo-sources-2.4.20-r5
Bug 20497 – Bootsplash at 16001200 resolutions
Bug 20964 – Bootsplash splash.c wrong path in string constant
Bug 21705 – Migrate american army silent splash and progress bar to baselayout
Bug 19061 – VesaFB broken with large memory sizes
Bug 1194 – Gentoo splash screen for grub
Bug 1285 – Gentoo logos ebuild
Aims: This guide presents steps to achieve the following.
High resolution framebuffer on virtual terminals (example)
High resolution bootsplash image on virtual terminals (example)
Smaller fonts on framebuffer for greater area (example)
Using your own theme for bootsplash
Taking screenshots of your framebuffer and bootsplash
Changing splash image on grub splash screen
Extending framebuffer and bootsplash to all 12 virtual terminals
Benefits & drawbacks: The benefits of using framebuffer and bootsplash are that
you can get a higher resolution, an enviably pretty appearance and multimedia
and graphical browser capabilities on your text consoles. The drawbacks are
that text will scroll considerably slower and sometimes there might be no
scrollback buffer so if some text has gone off the screen using Shift-PgUp to
view it may not work.
Why: This guide has been produced since it was felt that the advice currently
existing on this topic was either too bloated, too trivial or severely outdated
and as a result unsuitable. Here I tackle the same issue with a modern set of
tools and using a step-by-step approach. The guide is intended for use with an
x86 architecture, an nvidia graphics card, a resolution of 12801024, grub and
a 2.4.20 kernel but can easily be modified to suit different needs. Do not be
put off if you have different specifications but do act with care and seek
advice if you are unsure. The following commands must be run as root unless
stated otherwise.
Setting framebuffer & bootsplash!
Optional: Emerge ‘ufed’ and run it to add the following use flags to your
make.conf. Code:
aalib directfb fbcon gpm svga xv
Update portage tree.
Code:
emerge sync
Emerge media-gfx/bootsplash-0.6->r1 (graphical backgrounds for frame buffer
consoles). If portage notifies you of new bootsplash configuration files
overwrite your old ones using etc-update.
Code:
ACCEPT_KEYWORDS=~x86 emerge –noconfmem bootsplash
Optional: Emerge x11-themes/gentoo-artwork (a collection of miscellaneous
Gentoo Linux logos and artwork). The negative use flag for kde is so that it
does not fetch and compile in kde-base and qt as dependencies. If you run kde
and want kde support emerge as normal.
Code:
ACCEPT_KEYWORDS=~x86 USE="-kde" emerge gentoo-artwork
Optional: Emerge packages below to enable your system to carry out multimedia
activities. If you have them already then re-emerge them after adding above use
flags. Code:
media-libs/aalib
dev-libs/DirectFB
sys-libs/gpm
net-www/links
media-video/mplayer
media-libs/svgalib
Check that the symbolic link /usr/src/linux is pointing to the kernel of your
choice. Code:
ls -l /usr/src/
Check if your kernel already has patch applied by checking the changelog. The
up to date versions of the following kernels already have the patch so do not
patch any of these again! Doing so will mean scrapping your kernel tree and
starting again with a fresh one. If your kernel doesn’t have the patch post a
bug requesting that it be added.
gentoo-sources
gaming-sources
xfs-sources
pfeiffer-sources
gs-sources
If your kernel doesn’t include it patch the kernel as below and file an
enhancement bug request for it to be added! If you have a large amount of
memory and graphics RAM then look at this post and this bug report. Code:
ebuild /var/db/pkg/media-gfx/boo>tsplash-0.6bootsplash-0.>6.ebuild config
Build the following options directly into your kernel. Do not make them
modules. Also, do not enable any graphics card specific options such as nVidia
Riva support or ATi card display support. Try with only vesa enabled first.
These options are intended for linux kernel 2.4.20 only; with other versions
take initiative.
Code:
cd /usr/src/linux
make menuconfig
Code:
Code maturity level options —>
[*] Prompt for development and/or incomplete code/drivers
Processor type and features —>
[*] MTRR (Memory Type Range Register) support
Block Devices ->
[*] Loopback device support
[*] RAM disk support
(4096) Default RAM disk size
[*] Initial RAM disk (initrd) support
Console Drivers ->
[*] VGA text console
[*] Video mode selection support
Frame-buffer support ->
[*] Support for frame buffer devices
[*] VESA VGA graphics console
[*] Use splash screen instead of boot logo
Recompile your kernel and move it to /boot but do not reboot until asked to
later and do not unmount /boot.
Code:
make dep && make clean bzImage modules modules_install
mount /boot
mv /boot/bzImage /boot/bzImage.old
cp /usr/src/linux/arch/i386/>bootbzImage /boot
Note: If you are having kernel problems such as compilation errors or missing
options clean your kernel tree as root and then do 6 (a) and (b) again. Code:
cd /usr/src/linux/
mv .config ~/dotconfig
make mrproper
mv ~/dotconfig .config
make oldconfig
make menuconfig
Place an image to appear during the booting process. Make sure /boot is mounted
when you execute this command.
Code:
/sbin/splash -s -f /etc/bootsplash/default/c>onfigbootsplash-1280102>4.cfg >
/boot/initrd-12801024
Modify your /boot/grub/grub.conf file. The example below has three menu
entries: one with fb and splash, one with fb but without splash and a last one
without fb and without splash so that you can still boot into the system if you
get the settings wrong. Here are the meanings of the various parameters.
video= goes on kernel line controls display options such as ywrap and mtrr
which speed up framebuffer display
vga= goes on kernel line and controls the resolution and colour depth of
framebuffer
splash= goes on kernel line and takes either ‘silent’ or ‘verbose’ but doesn’t
currently work with Gentoo without a lot of hacking
initrd= goes on a new line after kernel line and loads an image during the
booting process.
Code:
default 0
timeout 7
splashimage=(hd0,0)/boot/>grubsplash.xpm.gz
title=Gentoo GNU/Linux 1.4 (+fb +splash)
root=(hd0,0)
kernel=(hd0,0)/boot/bzIma>ge root=dev/hda3 video=vesa:ywrap,mtrr vga=0x31A
initrd=/boot/initrd-1280>1024
title=Gentoo GNU/Linux 1.4 (+fb -splash)
root=(hd0,0)
kernel=(hd0,0)/boot/bzIma>ge root=dev/hda3 video=vesa:ywrap,mtrr vga=0x31A
title=Gentoo GNU/Linux 1.4 (-fb -splash)
root=(hd0,0)
kernel=(hd0,0)/boot/bzIma>ge root=dev/hda3
Here is a lilo.conf example configuration courtesy of ophidia. Code:
image="/boot/bzImage"
vga=0x31A
root="/dev/hdb2"
label="2.4.20-r4"
read-only # read-only for checking
append="hdc=ide-scsi video=vesa:ywrap,mtrr"
initrd=/boot/initrd-1280>1024
Here is a chart of kernel mode numbers for the ‘vga=’ boot parameter. Code:
| 640480 800600 1024768 12801024
—-+————————————-
256 | 0301 0303 0305 0307
32k | 0310 0313 0316 0319
64k | 0311 0314 0317 0x31A
16M | 0312 0315 0318 0x31B
Look at the following reference files if you need more detailed information.
Code:
/usr/share/bootsplash/gru>b.conf.sample
/usr/src/linux/Documentat>ionfb/vesafb.txt
/usr/src/linux/Documentat>ionsvga.txt
Add bootsplash to the default run level so that it starts on every boot.
Code:
rc-update add bootsplash default
Reboot and bask in the glory of bootplash wonder. Get kernel parameters that
you booted the current kernel with as below. Code:
cat /proc/cmdline
Setting framebuffer without bootsplash!
To have a framebuffer only without bootsplash for greater area remove
bootsplash from your default run level. Code:
rc-update del bootsplash default
Remove or comment out this line from your chosen menu entry in grub.conf. Code:
initrd=/boot/initrd-1280>1024
Get smaller fonts for greater area!
Open /etc/rc.conf and change line 21 to be as below. Code:
CONSOLEFONT="default8x9"
The next time you reboot your fonts will be smaller and more text will be
accommodated on the screen although they may be a little less readable. To see
what other console font schemes there are look at the following location but
when picking one include the filename without the extension. Code:
/usr/share/consolefonts
Using your own splash theme!
Create your own directory structure called ‘personal’. Code:
mkdir -pv /etc/bootsplash/personal/>images
cp -rv /etc/bootsplash/default/c>onfig etc/bootsplash/personal/
Change the symbolic link for the default theme. Code:
rm /etc/bootsplash/default
ln -s /etc/bootsplash/personal /etc/bootsplash/default
Open /etc/conf.d/bootsplash.co>nf and change as below. Code:
BOOTSPLASH_THEME=personal
Copy images of your choice and of correct resolution and depth into
/etc/bootsplash/personal/>images.
Open /etc/bootsplash/personal/>configbootsplash-128010>24.cfg and edit to your
liking including lines 31 and 32 for the image paths.
To have your image appear during boot add it to /boot otherwise omit this step.
Code:
mount /boot
/sbin/splash -s -f /etc/bootsplash/default/c>onfigbootsplash-1280102>4.cfg >
/boot/initrd-12801024
Reboot and hope for the best. Note that this particular method has not been
tested much so take care and post feedback.
Taking screenshots!
To use fbgrab emerge it and execute it as normal user on terminal 1. Code:
ACCEPT_KEYWORDS=~x86 emerge fbgrab
fbgrab ~/console.png
To use fb2png you must acquire and install it as root and execute as normal
user on terminal 1. Code:
wget http://dhruba.codewordt.c>o.ukfiles/fb2png -P ~
mv ~/fb2png /usr/local/bin/
fb2png /dev/fb0 ~/console.png 0 1280 1024 16
Changing grub splash image!
To change your grub splash image create an image then move it to /boot/grub. As
root do the following. Code:
emerge gimp
wget http://dhruba.codewordt.c>o.ukfiles/grub-image.scm -P ~
mv ~/grub-image.scm /usr/share/gimp/1.2/scrip>ts
Start gimp and open an image of your choice. Right click on the image, select
File, Grub Boot Image and save in your home directory. A sample image is
provided in instructions below for you to try. Other images can be found here
which is a very useful resource.
Code:
mount /boot
wget http://dhruba.codewordt.c>o.ukfiles/gentoo-boot.xp>m.gz -P ~
mv ~/gentoo/gentoo-boot.xpm.>gz boot/grub/
Modify /boot/grub/grub.conf to point to the new image. Code:
splashimage=(hd0,0)/boot/>grubgentoo-boot.xpm.gz
Extending to all 12 virtual terminals!
Open /etc/inittab in your favourite editor. After line 37 add the following
lines in the same manner as previous lines. Code:
c8:12345:respawn:/sbin/ag>etty 38400 tty8 linux
c9:12345:respawn:/sbin/ag>etty 38400 tty9 linux
c10:12345:respawn:/sbin/a>getty 38400 tty10 linux
c11:12345:respawn:/sbin/a>getty 38400 tty11 linux
c12:12345:respawn:/sbin/a>getty 38400 tty12 linux
Open /etc/init.d/bootsplash and on line 30 make the following change. Code:
for TTY in `seq 0 11`
Reboot and hopefully all 12 VTs should have a splash image. You can also have
framebuffer only on VTs 8-12 by not making the above change.
Feedback: Since this thread is now split into two here’s how to decide which
thread to post on. If you are asking questions about problems or are helping
another user with problems then post on the support thread. Remember to provide
kernel name and version, contents of your grub.conf file and make, model and
driver version of your graphics card. Everthing else can be posted in this
thread including comments on improving this guide or correcting mistakes which
are both welcome! Remember that if you have general problems unrelated to this
guide then file bugs immediately so that hacks are no longer necessary and that
problems are resolved officially for future users.
Latest news: As you can tell by the number of times that this post has been
edited the guide is undergoing continual overhaul as a result of feedback from
users. It is now much more concise and has recently been expanded to fit new
content. Look here for people who have it working: quikchaos, Yinchie 1,
Yinchie 2, basquiat, mojo, danb, maw, Cappy!
Trivia: For trivia first emerge aalib, svgalib and DirectFB. Mplayer on
framebuffer: Try ‘emerge mplayer’ and then ‘mplayer -vo svga <filename>’. Have
you managed to get mplayer working under framebuffer? If so, post details!
Graphical browser on framebuffer: (1) emerge links (2) chown root.root
/usr/bin/links2 (3) chmod +s /usr/bin/links2 (4) links2 -g www.gentoo.org
-driver directfb. Other drivers are X, vesa, svgalib and fb. Try them all and
see what works best for you. How did links go for you?
Still to come: Separate sections for framebuffer, bootsplash and grubsplash
(done!); Extending to all 12 VTs (done!); Using your own themes with bootsplash
(done!); Smaller fonts for greater area (done!); Binding a key for taking
framebuffer screenshots; Modifying console fonts! Bear with me – hugely busy
atm!
Acknowledgements: devs: TaD, LiveWire; #gentoo: r2d2, Malketh, antifa, kote,
Hayl, cybbe; beejay; forums: quikchaos, aardvark, allucid, tkdack; anubis2002;
ophidia; other: HandyAndE.
_________________
Gentoo Sources 2.4.20-r5 | XFree 4.3.0-r3 | Nvidia 1.0.4363 | Enlightenment
0.16.6-pre4
Wolf: D8250 | Intel P4 I850E | Nvidia GeForce4 MX420 | Turtle Beach Santa Cruz
/_::_/ : there’s no winamp
/_::_/ lose yourself. shoo
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